Registration of domain names by the hands. A part 1: it is a little theory.

Given clause{article} opens itself a small cycle of clauses{articles} on a subject " Registration of a domain name ". Many questions will be considered: what for in general it is necessary how to choose a name, in what way it is possible to register it{him}, that for this purpose it is necessary to know, how much it will cost, what reefs, and other accompanying questions are in this process. Also step-by-step descriptions of processes of registration of domain names will be given.

First we shall stipulate, for whom this cycle is necessary. If at you is money and you are ready to pay to foreign firm for registration of a name for a site and make - a headache less. And if you want to know process, or you have healthy feeling of curiosity to want to make it, and also you do not want to overpay and want to be sure, that the name will be registered on you, instead of on the firm - intermediary - read further:)

In this clause{article} we learn{find out} some general{common} concepts; we shall understand, what for to us the domain name, actually, is necessary; we learn{we find out}, that on ru, com, net and org light was not left by a wedge; we shall choose to themselves a name; we shall learn to check, it is borrowed{occupied} already with someone another whether or not.

So, first of all we shall consider, that such, actually, " a domain name " (from English " domain name "). Everyone know, that addresses of various sites look approximately as www.company.ru. In this case a domain name of the first level (from English " top level domain ") will be "ru" (it often also is called "domain" i "zone"), and a domain name of the second level will be "company." this domain name of the second level and us will interest during all cycle. Domain names of the third level are allocated, as a rule, free-of-charge, special interest for us have no, will not be mentioned therefore, except for domains .com.ru.net.ru.org.ru.pp.ru, - they are given out RosNIIROSom free-of-charge, but practically equal to the domain .ru and consequently I shall describe process of registration of a domain name in these zones in following clauses{articles}. Also further I upomjanu and process of registration in zones .msk.ru and .spb.ru - they are practically analogues of zones .com.ru, etc., Only are delegated by Relcom.

I ask to take into account, that a name of a site and where he is - things different. The site can be at your provider or on any free-of-charge server, - the main thing that they supported such service, as a virtual hosting (what is it such, I shall tell in following clause{article}). At registration of a domain name it will be necessary to specify simply correctly adjustments, and your site becomes accessible on the registered name. Often registration of a domain name together with a hosting is offered, that is for you register a domain name and give a place for an arrangement of your site (it and is called as a hosting). Not less often last time suggest to register a domain name free-of-charge if you agree to pay for a hosting. As us registration of a domain name (we to ourselves and shall find a hosting) the question on free-of-charge registration of domain names with a paid hosting me will not be mentioned interests only.

What for it is necessary to register to itself a domain name of the second level as it practically always costs{stands} money if it is possible to receive free-of-charge a name of the third level, or in general to do without the address given by the provider, something such as home.provider.ru / ~ moya_stranica/? I shall try to answer this question. First, improves zapominaemost` addresses of your site. It{he} is easy for remembering, having seen on vizitke or in advertising. It{he} is easy for dictating. As consequence{investigation} if on him there is a valuable or interesting information, the visitor will return to it{him}, even in a week having recollected his{its} address, and will recommend to friends. Second, it gives independence of your provider and of the services giving free-of-charge services for accommodation of sites. Simply if necessary transfer a site and change adjustments of a domain name. Thirdly, if you register the address for commercial structure the user will more quickly find you if knows your name and it coincides with the name of a site. At information search the majority of people types{collects} all over again www.imja_kompanii.ru (www.imja_kompanii.com), and already then goes on search sites. Also your competitors cannot use against you or with benefit for themselves a name of a site, placing there the foreign information. Fourthly, the domain name strengthens image and solidity, both the companies, and the simple person if he has the site. Absence at a site of own domain name often is treated by visitors of the server as shortage at his{its} owners of means for registration - the corresponding attitude{relation} at them (visitors) and will develop in relation to firm. Fifthly, it will be possible to have post chto_ugodno@vashe_imja.ru address - too not bad. For example, if the firm is called "EHktako" and has a site www.ectaco.ru it will be possible to adjust many post addresses: webmasster@ectaco.ru, sotrudnick@ectaco.ru, etc.

So, all of us have considered and have decided, that we already adult and to us to register the domain name is necessary. We shall understand now one not so pleasant thing is always costs{stands} money. Sometimes it is more, sometimes it is less - depending on prestigiousness of the domain of the first level in which you will register to yourselves a name. So to register and will annually pay for a name in a zone "ru" to cost 24 c.u. (in view of the VAT), and in a zone "tv" - 150 c.u. In other zones it can be cheaper, and can and is more dear{expensive}. Systems of payment can be different. Somewhere accept payment through a credit card, somewhere through bank of Internet - payments PayPal, somewhere translation.

Someone can object, that there are sites, such as www.namezero.com, www.namezero.ru, and www.emeisp.com, giving domain names free-of-charge. Yes, they give them free-of-charge. But, first, they register them on themselves, instead of on you, second, as a rule, twist on your page advertising, and, thirdly, they can after promotion of the address by you give up to you in service and suggest to redeem the untwisted domain name to you or someone else for a round sum. It is necessary to you? Besides, as service free-of-charge, he can at any moment or be closed without the prevention{warning}, or to become paid. However, free-of-charge registration of domain names - a subject separate and interesting enough, will be therefore necessarily covered by me in separate clause{article}.

But not all so is bad. There are such quite good and at the same time free-of-charge zones, as .com.ru / .net.ru / .org.ru / .pp.ru / .spb.ru / .msk.ru. I shall tell about them first of all for at the simple Russian person of money to the paid domain can and to not be.

Now we shall engage in a choice of a zone in which we shall register to themselves a domain name. The few know, that it is a lot of these zones, and the name can for itself be made - pal`chiki will lick! Well for example, very much even without ceremony it is possible to receive a name domashnee.tv, piratskie.cd, europaplus.fm, krutoy.dj, dukenukem.md, i_love.ms, doloi.ie, legko.li, trud.no, hate.is, fig.im, moy_vysokiy.iq, idi.na, da.nu, windows98.se. I am silent about addresses such as bazara.net, anekdotov.net, perevodov.net, referatov.net, deneg.net (the truth, these names are already borrowed{occupied}, though, for example, about a name mozgov.net I do not know, can and it is free meanwhile). Yes that there! Now to write on fences " Mashka - a silly woman! " Not so fashionably. It is much more interesting to distribute to its{her} friends the address of a site mashka.co.za, having placed there the corresponding information. For not so expert in computer terminology I explain - names of some zones look very similar to the widespread reductions. For example, the combination "md" is deciphered as " must die " (should die), "ms" - Microsoft, "ie" - " Internet Explorer ", "se" - " special (or second) edition ", "iq" - " intelligence quotient " (factor of intelligence). Reductions "tv", "fm", "cd", "dj", I think, to decipher it is not necessary, and "co.za" at a pronunciation sounds as Russian word "goat". The list of all zones (domain names of the first level) with the instruction{indication}, what zone belongs to what country, and also with links (whenever possible) on services "whois" it was possible to see{overlook} on August, 25, 2001 to addresses http://www.host4u.co.za/codes.htm and http://www.norid.no/domreg.html

Not all zones are accessible to direct registration. For example, to great disappointment of many comrades (is more exact, misters), tipa.au address to register will simply fail. Why - I explain. There are so-called universal zones. It com, net, org, edu, mil, gov, occurred accordingly from COMmercial (or COMmon), NET (network), ORGanization, EDUcation, MILitary, GOVernment. Followed these zones for an example, many holders of zones including au, have created such subzones in the domains. Thus, zones are accessible to registration such as com.au, co.uk, co.jp, co.za, etc. only. That is, if to be exact, you register to yourselves a domain name already the third, instead of the second, a level. But as on sense they are equal to the second level, I shall not do{make} distinctions in clause{article}, you simply take this information into consideration. I have found the most full list of accessible zones to the address http://www.allwhois.com/alltlds.html. There and then it is possible to see, what zones are accessible to registration in them of domain names and on what approximately to the prices.

I want to warn: in some zones to register names it is possible only for TSRs, that is by that who lives or it is registered (for firms) or even has the representative in that country to which posesses a zone. It, in particular, concerns to a zone .is (Iceland). But not all so is gloomy - first, with the help of the same Internet it is possible to get friends in the necessary country which will help, or, second, possible to use nevertheless intermediary services of firms - registrars - other output{exit} is simple can and to not be.

Now we shall start a choice actually the name. If you register it{him} for the commercial organization the choice, as a rule, is insignificant - or an abbreviation (reduction under the first letters), either the full name, or in part reduced. Examples: krf.ru - KarelRybFlot, aura.ru - computer firm " Aura ", compumir.ru - a network of shops " Computer world ". Though sometimes and in this case it is necessary to strain - if the name is already borrowed{occupied}. Then it is possible or to pick up the short sounding the name of firm, or to choose other zone, the blessing of them is accessible more than. For the private person it is possible to be based on a surname / a name / Internet niknejme, or to think up something remarkable. For example, there is such site - divanov.net. Of what you will think first of all? Correctly - that to this address there is an Internet - shop on sale of sofas. Actually there and the truth is Internet - shop, but he sells, first, not only sofas, and second, carries such name not because of them, that is why, that director of shop - Dmitry Ivanov. Where the flight of fancy was expressed! One more of the last piskov fashions - names such as gromko.ru, mnogo.ru, and izhe with them. Still it is possible to use in a name some reductions - 4u, 4all, 2u, and to that similar (4u in English sounds as " for you ", i.e. " For you "). An example of such name - monitor4u. Also the address in which semantic maintenance{contents} the name of the first level (zone) is involved also will be remembered. Some such examples I resulted above, but I shall result one more (very much he has liked me). In the near future is going to to appear one more zone - "eu", for the European countries, commonwealth, and communities. And so, rather prikol`no yahoo.eu address sounds: (For those who has not thought at once - read "yahoo" aloud by rules of English language, and "eu" - as "her{it}", and all will understand). Though hardly the European coordinators will give you to register such domain - "Yahoo" already for a long time is the registered trade mark. I recommend to think over, by the way, some names for a site - if one of addresses are borrowed{occupied}, it will be possible to use for registration alternative.

I shall make small deviation concerning to recently appeared service on registration of domain names on cyrillics (in Russian). In general I agree with Artemiem Lebedevym which has written in the ru.kovodstve the corresponding paragraph and have named it{him} "Every man for himself". In brief - registration of a domain name in Russian because it{he} cannot be typed{collected} to who does not have Russian keyboard because of what inhabitants of Russia and near Russified abroad will visit{attend} such site basically is not recommended. One more problem - an opportunity of alternation of Russian and latin letters in a name of a site. For example, one spelling - WWW.IBM.COM, the second - WWW.IVM.COM. In what a difference? That in the second case latin letters "b" and "m" are replaced on Russian "?" and "?". Also try here guess what to type{collect} and where thus you will get.. .. In general as A.Lebedev has said, in this case " the CATFISH is not a fish such, it is the domain " so a subject of registration of domain names in Russian on the near future we shall close.

Well, napridumyvali we to itself of names any - different. Now it would be necessary to check up, whether they are borrowed{occupied}, and to learn{find out}, in their registration how much will cost. Here we are waited also with some reefs, since that you risk to overpay superfluous 50-100 dollars at registration, and finishing{stopping} that, that, having used dishonest service of check, you lose the address, not having had time{been in time} it{him} to register. We shall consider all this more in detail.

Service of check of employment of a name usually name "whois". Give it{him} more often those firms which are engaged in registration of these names. Here also there can be problems. If you will use service on a site of any recording firm, instead of on a site of the holder of a zone can quite appear, that your name will be registered by this firm subsequently to offer it{him} for the repayment to you or somebody to another under the overestimated price. Modern technologies quite allow a message on a site magazine of searches of checked domain names. After that it is possible to see{overlook} this magazine, to select the most significant and remarkable names and to register them. Next time at check or at attempt of registration of a name the information will be given to you, that this domain is already registered, and the contact information will be specified. At attempt to communicate on the specified coordinates you receive the offer to redeem the domain. And itself the firm - registrar can appear and not so that guilty - can use magazine of checks of names any one unfair employee who will pass his{its} friends on the party{side}, and already those will register it{him}. The firm - registrar where you checked a name, appears as though and at anything, but the name for you will be already lost. Therefore I recommend to use always for check of employment of a name by sites of holders of domains of the first level. To deceive you the carrier of the domain should not - what for to him it, if and without that all authority on management of names at him{it} in hands. On the other hand, personally I heard complaints on Network Solutions (one of the oldest and navorochennejshikh offices on registration of domains in zones com/net/org) concerning kiberskvottinga (interception of domain names)...

Let's start, at last, check. For a zone "ru" to check employment of a name it is possible on www.nic.ru. In the same place it is possible to check up and employment of names in zones com, net, org. Svobodnost` names in zones .com.ru.org.ru.net.ru.pp.ru it is possible to check up on site RosNIIROS. To define{determine} the address of the carrier of the domain it is possible to try in two ways. Usually the address of such site corresponds{meets} to the name of a zone and "zone" or www. " looks as www.nic. Zone ". For example: www.nic.ru, www.cd, www.nic.is, etc. If it does not help, I advise to have a look to the address http://www.host4u.co.za/codes.htm - the list of all zones with links to sites of their holders if those (sites) are available there is given. Can go also on already mentioned site AllWhois - there too there is an opportunity of transition to a site with service whois for the chosen domain. So take the list of the thought up names - and forward, start check! To tell the truth, I warn at once: unfortunately, not all links to site AllWhois correct so sometimes it is necessary to look for the necessary site handles. I can advise still a good site of check of existence of domain names www.domainwhitepages.com - it is possible to see any domain in any zone. However, using him{it}, remember about an opportunity of interception of the information...